Let $S=(12)$ and let $T = (13)$. Then $\langle (12)\rangle \cup\langle (13)\rangle$ has three elements (And is not even a group!).
But, $\langle (12), (13)\rangle = S_3$. This has 6 elements and IS a group.
You can do something quite similar for the intersection. The elements $S$ and $T$ should actually work as a counter example..
Explicitly: $\\{(12)\\}\cap\\{(13)\\} = \emptyset$ as a set intersection. But the intersection of $\langle (12)\rangle$ and $\langle (13)\rangle$ contains the identity.