The article Napier's $e$ - $e$ in Leonhard Euler's _Introductio_ says that Euler used the series $$ e=1+{1\over 1}+{1^2\over 1\cdot 2}+{1^3\over 1\cdot 2\cdot 3}+\cdots $$ to obtain $$ e \approx 2.71828182845904523536028\cdots $$
Wikipedia#cite_note-28) cites Euler's original text, which confirms the story:
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