`Documentation/admin-guide/devices.txt` in the kernel source code documents the allocation process and lists all the allocated device numbers. `sd` gets a whole bunch of major device numbers because of the large number of devices it can handle: major 8 covers `/dev/sda` to `/dev/sdp`, major 65 covers `/dev/sdq` to `/dev/sdaf`, 66 `/dev/sdag` to `/dev/sdav` and so on all the way to 135 for `/dev/sdig` to `/dev/sdiv` (for a total of 256 disk devices).