Probably yes.
Several writers, including Homer and Hesiod, mention that Hephaistos married Aglaea, one of the three Charites. It is not entirely clear whether this happened before or after his marriage to Aphrodite, I could not find a source that explicitly mentions the order of Hephaistos's marriages. There's also a possibility that a second marriage doesn't imply a divorce. Polygamy was rare in ancient Greece, but we can't rule it out completely.
There's also the story of the birth of Erichthonius. In most versions, it is explicitly mentioned that Hephaistos's' attempt to rape Athena happens after he had been "deserted by Aphrodite". Although again this doesn't necessarily mean divorce, it certainly sounds like it.
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You may find more details, including sources, on theoi.com:
* Hephaestus Myths 2 Loves: Aphrodite
* Hephaestus Myths 2 Loves: Athena & Gaea
* Hephaestus Myths 2 Loves: Aglaea