The symptoms arise from _two_ distinct issues here:
1. The _compositor_ : use something more recent like Compton in this case, with the following last options if supported by your hardware:
exec --no-startup-id compton -cCGb --backend glx --vsync opengl
2. The fact that compositors are _not officially supported_ by this window manager and because of the way i3 renders window title bars. A well-known workaround is to disable such title bars by adding to `~/.i3/config`:
new_window pixel
To move around a floating window with no titlebar, use `mod+drag` anywhere on it. Finally, some of this may change over time.