Artificial intelligent assistant

Terminological question - "coaxial system" I am reading a paper, and in it it says "disjoint circles of a coaxial system". What does the writer mean by that?

Coaxial means it shares an axis. You can imagine these as circles that have either the same centre in 2D or whose centres belong to a common line in 3D (where the circles are probably assumed to be parallel if so, check that).

Edit: As Lord Farin has said, it could also very well mean that the centres all lie on the same line even in $2D$. Go through the paper a bit more and see if you can figure it out.

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