is " **(human)** society **(around us)** " or " **(this human)** world". is often interchangeable with . You may use "world" as a translation of only when it refers to _this_ human society you are familiar with. For example, "(Wow) it's a small world!" is (or ) in Japanese. / basically refers to the society as far as you can personally recognize and interact with through daily conversations, media, economic activities, etc.
is a word that corresponds to "world" in nearly all cases. You can say "all over the world", "fantasy world", "the world of classical music", "the world of Harry Potter", "another world" and so on.
See also: and -- what is the difference?
**EDIT:** For example, ("How works") typically refers to things like politics, tax, police, schools and such, while typically refers to more fundamental things like gravity, inertia, atoms, time and DNA.