The if-part:
If $A$ is a finitely generated $F$-algebra, then it is noetherian and you don't need to require this. By the Noether Normalization theorem there then exists a polynomial ring $F[x_1,\ldots ,x_r]\subseteq A$ such that the extension $A/F[x_1,\ldots ,x_r]$ is integral (and by assumption finitely generated). Consequently the field of fractions of $A$ is a finite extension of the field of fractions of $F[x_1,\ldots ,x_r]$, hence the field of fractions of $B$ is a finite extension of the field of fractions of $F[x_1,\ldots ,x_r]$. The assertion in this situation is proved for example in Matsumura's _Commutative Ring Theory_ on page 262.