This is an indicator that you need `libperl`
$ apt-file search EXTERN.h
libperl5.28: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.28.1/CORE/EXTERN.h
You can add that package with
$ sudo apt-get install libperl5.28
You must then add that list to your path when you invoke GCC with (`-I`),
gcc -I"/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.28.1/CORE/" -lperl ./myTest.c