Let $A\in \mathcal M_{n\times n}(\Bbb C)$.
Some common criteria are:
1. If $A$ has $n$ distinct eigenvalues, then $A$ is diagonalizable.
2. $A$ is diagonalizable if, and only if, the sum of the geometric multiplicties of all the eigenvalues equals $n$. (Note that 1. is a particular case of this).
3. $A$ is normal if, and only if, $A$ is unitarily diagonalizable.
4. $A$ is hermitic if, and only if, $A$ unitarily similar to a diagonal matrix with only real entries.
5. $A$ is unitary if, and only if, $A$ is unitarily similar to a diagonal matrix which entries on the main diagonal have absolute value equal to $1$.