This Native American Zodiac mentioned by the OP is a modern invention by Sun Bear (a.k.a. Vincent LaDuke) from the Bear tribe of the White Earth Anishinaabeg reservation in Minnesota.
Sun Bear founded a new group of mostly European Americans, based on New Age beliefs to popularize Native American culture. (Such activites are frowned upon by Native elders and activists.)
The symbols in the question were noted as similar to Sun Bear's Medicine Wheel, as described in the 1980 Simon and Schuster book _Medicine Wheel: Earth Astrology_.
> The following summary of the “Native American Zodiac” is from Sun Bear’s book, Medicine Wheel:, co-written by a white member of the Bear Tribe. It draws on Sun Bear's own Ojibwa (Chippewa) culture, as well as several others in combination, notably modern western astrology. It is best understood as a New Age creation, notably because many First Nations do not even live in areas where medicine wheels, sturgeon, or snow geese are found.