My experience about bicycles made in Poland says that the majority had threadless bottom bracket with cottered Thompson type spindle.
And those that had threaded bottom bracket (mainly road bikes) were BSC (BSA) threading (me myself own a Poland-made road bike frame from 1938 and BSC cups fit like a charm).
I nevertheless find it suspicious to see a square-taper spindle on such a bike.
Short story long:
* start from the non-drive side and turn the cup counterclockwise.
* remove the complete spindle
* inspect the inside of the bottom bracket to confirm that the drive side has reverse thread (clockwise turning undoes the right hand side cup)
* make sure you use the correct tool