Artificial intelligent assistant

About Rigid Matrices I want to know the meaning of Rigid matrices and Rigidity of matrices contained in this definition "The rigidity of a matrix A for target rank r is the minimum number of entries of A that must be changed to ensure that the rank of the altered matrix is at most r". What is the change that is doing to the elements? with an example

Let's try a random-ish example.

$$ A = \pmatrix{0 & 0 & 1\cr 1 & -1 & -3\cr 1 & -2 & -1\cr}\ \text{over}\ \mathbb C$$

Its rank is $3$. The most obvious way to make the rank $2$ is by changing the top right $1$ to $0$, but you could change any of the entries $a_{ij}$ except $a_{23}$ and $a_{33}$ to make the rank $2$. On the other hand, to make the rank $0$ will require changing all seven nonzero entries to $0$. To make the rank $1$ will require changing at least $3$ entries, I think. For example, you could change $a_{13}$ to $0$, $a_{23}$ to $-1$ and $a_{32}$ to $-1$. So $\text{Rig}(A,3) = 0$, $\text{Rig}(A, 2) = 1$, $\text{Rig}(A,1) = 3$, $\text{Rig}(A,0) = 7$.

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