Since you are asking this on Math SE and not on Physics I assume a mathematical treatment is what you are looking for. Consider Mackey's _Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics_ ,
> Designed for students familiar with abstract mathematical concepts but possessing little knowledge of physics, this text focuses on generality and careful formulation rather than problem-solving. Its author, a member of the distinguished National Academy of Science, based this graduate-level text on the course he taught at Harvard University.
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