stem
/stem; stɛm/ n
1
(a) main central part of a plant, bush or tree coming up from the roots, from which the leaves or flowers grow （花草的）茎; （树木的）干. =>illus at fungus 见 fungus 插图.
(b) part of a leaf, flower or fruit that joins it to the main stalk or twig （叶片、 花朵或果实的）梗, 柄. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page ii.
2 thin stem-shaped part of sth, esp the narrow part of a wineglass between the base and the bowl or the part of a tobacco pipe between the mouthpiece and the bowl 茎状部分; （尤指）高脚酒杯的颈, 烟斗柄.
3 (grammar) root or main part of a noun or verb from which other parts or words are made, eg by altering the endings 词干.
4 (fml 文) main line of descent of a family 血统.
5 (idm 习语) from ,stem to `stern from the front to the back (esp of a ship) 从头到尾; （尤指）从船首到船尾
The liner has been refitted from stem to stern. 那艘班轮已经全面整修. stem, v (-mm-) (phr v) stem from sth arise from sth; have sth as its origin or cause 来自或起源於某事物; 由某事物造成
discontent stemming from low pay and poor working conditions 因工资低、 工作条件差而产生的不满情绪.
stem / stem; stɛm/ v (-mm-) [Tn]
restrain or stop (the flow of liquid, etc) 遏制, 阻止（液体流动等）
bandage a cut to stem the bleeding 用 带包扎伤口止血
stem the flow of water from a burst pipe 止住破裂的水管中流出的水
(fig 比喻) The government are unable to stem the tide of popular indignation. 政府压制不住公愤.